Space Invaders

An event-driven arcade clone built with the Python standard library

Posted by CM-WebDev on November 11, 2025

Project Overview

This project recreates the classic Space Invaders gameplay using only Python’s standard library (Turtle). It’s structured for professional review: configuration isolated in constants.py, gameplay entities in entities.py, and orchestration/timing in main.py. The result is a small but well-factored codebase that’s easy to read, tune, and extend.

Core Technologies

  • Python 3.x + Turtle (stdlib): rendering and input without external deps
  • Event-driven loop: smooth updates via ontimer() and manual tracer(0) redraws
  • OOP design: Player, Alien, Bullet, BarrierBlock encapsulated and testable
  • Config-first: difficulty & pacing tuned through constants, not magic numbers

Technical Execution & Problem Solving

  • Deterministic timing: avoided blocking calls; used fixed frame interval and a separate 1s alien descent timer.
  • Collision strategy: simple distance checks keep logic readable and fast enough for Turtle.
  • Performance trade-offs: classic feel with MAX_BULLETS = 1 reduces N² checks and keeps frames smooth.
  • Separation of concerns: orchestration in Game, state in entities, tuning in constants.

Key Features

  • Destructible barriers and basic scoring
  • Aliens descend on an interval; game over on contact
  • 60fps-style rendering with explicit screen updates
  • Portable: runs on stock Python—no install steps

Demonstrated Skill Set

  • Designing small projects with production habits (config isolation, modularity, clear naming)
  • Event-loop thinking and non-blocking UI updates
  • Balancing simplicity with maintainability under real constraints (Turtle)

Reflection

The main challenge was timing within Turtle’s single-threaded model. Establishing a deterministic loop and keeping entities self-contained made debugging straightforward. If iterating, I’d add horizontal swarm movement, restart flow, and enemy bullets, plus extract collision logic for unit tests.